In a sleep study, which condition would lead to a recommendation for CPAP therapy?

The recommendation for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is most appropriate for individuals diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA is characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep due to the collapse of the airway, often leading to significant drops in oxygen saturation and frequent awakenings. CPAP therapy works by providing a constant stream of air that keeps the airway open, preventing these obstructive events and allowing for uninterrupted breathing and improved sleep quality.

In contrast, the other conditions listed, such as idiopathic hypersomnia, periodic limb movement disorder, and narcolepsy, do not typically respond to CPAP therapy. Idiopathic hypersomnia involves excessive daytime sleepiness without the obstructive events that CPAP addresses. Periodic limb movement disorder primarily manifests in involuntary leg movements during sleep and is usually treated with different modalities, such as medication. Narcolepsy is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and sudden sleep attacks, and also does not benefit from CPAP; it often requires stimulant medications or other therapeutic approaches for management. Therefore, OSA is the condition that distinctly warrants the use of CPAP therapy to alleviate symptoms and improve overall sleep health.